A framework agreement is the right tool when a contracting authority knows it will need the same category of goods or services repeatedly over several years, but cannot predict exact quantities or timing upfront. Think: IT equipment, office supplies, temporary staffing, maintenance services.
How it works
The authority runs one full procurement procedure to select one or more suppliers. This establishes the framework — the agreed terms (prices, quality levels, delivery conditions) for future orders. Individual contracts ("call-offs") are then placed under the framework without repeating the full procedure.
Two award models
| Model | When to use | How it works |
|---|---|---|
| Without reopening | Single supplier, or terms are fully fixed | Order directly from the agreed catalogue/price list |
| With mini-competition | Multiple suppliers, terms need refinement per order | Invite all framework suppliers to compete for each call-off |
Key constraints
Maximum duration: 4 years as a general rule. Longer only in exceptional, justified cases (e.g., heavy supplier investment requiring amortization).
Maximum value: Since Simonsen & Weel (CJEU C-23/20, 2021), the framework must state its maximum value. Once reached, the framework is exhausted — no more call-offs. This prevents open-ended frameworks that distort competition.
No misuse: A framework cannot be used to prevent, restrict, or distort competition. Authorities cannot set up frameworks that lock out the market for years with no meaningful reopening.
Framework vs. Dynamic Purchasing System
If your needs evolve and you want new suppliers to join over time, a Dynamic Purchasing System (DPS) may be more appropriate. A DPS stays open to new entrants throughout its duration, while a framework is closed after initial selection.
Prevalence
Frameworks account for approximately 15-20% of procurement procedures in the Benelux region, concentrated in IT services, facility management, and office supplies.